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The Qur'an Seas and
Rivers
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Modern Science has discovered that in the places
where two different seas meet, there is a barrier between them. This
barrier divides the two seas so that each sea has its own temperature,
salinity, and density.
(Principles of Oceanography - Davis, pp.
92-93)
For example, Mediterranean sea water is warm,
saline and less dense, compared to Atlantic ocean water. When
Mediterranean sea water enters the Atlantic over the Gibraltar sill, it
moves several hundred kilometers into the Atlantic at a depth of about
1,000 meters with its own warm, saline and less dense characteristics. The
Mediterranean water stabilizes at this depth (Principles of Oceanography
p. 93).
The Mediterranean sea water as it enters the Atlantic over the
Gibraltar sill with its own warm, saline and less dense characteristics,
because of the barrier that distinguishes between them. Temperatures are
in degrees Celsius (C). |
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Even in depths (indicated here by
darker colors) up to 1,400 meters and at distances ranging from a minus
-100 to +2,500 meters, we find that both bodies of water maintain their
individual temperatures and
salinity.
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Distance into Atlantic
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Atlantic Ocean
| (Degrees Celsius) |
Salinity | |
Mediterranean Sea
| (Degrees Celsius) |
Salinity | |
| -100 |
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| +100 |
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| 500 |
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| 1,000 |
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| 1,500 |
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| 2,000 |
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| 2,500 |
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Although there are large waves, strong currents, and
tides in these seas, they do not mix or transgress this barrier.
The Holy Qur'an mentioned that there is a barrier between
two seas that meet and that they do not transgress. God said:
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{He has let free the two seas meeting to gather.
There is a barrier between them. They do not transgress.} (Qur'an
55:19-20) |
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But when the Qur'an speaks
about the divider between fresh and salt water, it
mentions the existence of "a forbidding
partition" with the barrier. God said in the
Qur'an:
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{He is the one who has let free the two bodies of
flowing water, one sweet and palatable, and the other salty and bitter.
And He has made between them a barrier and a forbidding partition.}
(Qur'an 25:53) |
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On may ask, why did the Qur'an mention the partition
when speaking about the divider between fresh and
salt water, but did not mention it when speaking
about the divider between the two seas?
Modern science has discovered that in estuaries,
where fresh (sweet) and salt water meet, the
situation is somewhat different from what is found
in places where two seas meet. It has been
discovered that what distinguishes fresh water from
salt water in estuaries is a "pycnocline zone
with a marked density discontinuity separating the
two layers." (Oceanography p. 242)
This partition (zone of separation) has a
different salinity from the fresh water and from the
salt water (Oceanography p. 244 and Introductory
Oceanography pp. 300-301)
This information has been discovered only
recently using advanced equipment to measure
temperature, salinity, density, oxygen
dissolubility, etc. The human eye cannot see the
difference between the two seas that meet, rather
the two seas appear to us as one homogeneous sea.
Likewise the human eye cannot see the division of
water in estuaries into the three kinds: the fresh
water, the salt water, the partition (zone of
separation).
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